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Max Pfeiffer, Stefan Schneegass, Florian Alt, Michael Rohs
Let Me Grab This: A Comparison of EMS and Vibration for Haptic Feedback in Free-Hand Interaction
In AH'14: Proceedings of the 5th Augmented Human International Conference. Kobe, Japan, May 7 - 9, 2014, ACM, New York, NY, USA. (bib)

Free-hand interaction becomes a common technique for interacting with large displays. At the same time, providing haptic feedback for free-hand interaction is still a challenge, particularly feedback with different characteristics (i.e., strengths, patterns) to convey particular information. We see electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) as a well-suited technology for providing haptic feedback in this domain. The characteristics of EMS can be used to assist users in learning, manipulating, and perceiving virtual objects. One of the core challenges is to understand these characteristics and how they can be applied. As a step in this direction, this paper presents a design space that identifies different aspects of using EMS for haptic feedback. The design space is meant as a basis for future research investigating how particular characteristics can be exploited to provide specific haptic feedback.