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Renate Häuslschmid, Bastian Pfleging, Florian Alt
A Design Space to Support the Development of Windshield Applications for the Car
In CHI '16: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. San Jose, CA, USA, May 7 - 12, 2016. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 5076-5091. ACM 978-1-4503-3362-7, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858336 (bib)

In this paper we present a design space for interactive windshield displays in vehicles and discuss how this design space can support designers in creating windshield applications for drivers, passengers, and pedestrians. Our work is motivated by numerous examples in other HCI-related areas where seminal design space papers served as a valuable basis to evolve the respective field -- most notably mobile devices, automotive user interfaces, and interactive public displays. The presented design space is based on a comprehensive literature review. Furthermore we present a classification of 211 windshield applications, which were derived from a survey of research projects and commercial products as well as focus groups. Focusing on two examples from this set of applications we finally discuss how our work can aid designers in building applications for diverse use cases, including but not limited to apps inside and outside the car as well as applications for specific areas (fire fighters, police, ambulance).