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Sophia Sakel, Nađa Terzimehić
Understanding Simultaneous Technology Use in Collocated One-on-One Social Interactions
CHI EA '25, April 26-May 1, 2025, Yokohama, Japan (bib)

Collocated interactions, which are central to emotional connection and social well-being, are increasingly mediated by technology. However, simultaneous technology use in one-on-one settings remains an underexplored area, despite the pervasive role of technology in everyday life. We address this gap by exploring the nuanced effects of simultaneous technology use by both interaction partners during one-on-one social interactions. We employ the critical incident technique resulting in 31 distinct stories from 26 participants. Our findings reveal varying patterns of simultaneous technology useâshared, parallel, and imbalancedâ distinguishing between instrumental and ritualistic purpose of use. Whereas positive effects of simultaneous use include enhancing conversations and deepening engagement, participants report negative consequences such as disrupting conversations and hindering meaningful exchange. Based on our findings on simultaneous technology use, we propose design implications to design future technologies that enhance rather than detract from positive social experiences.