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Kai Holländer, Mark Colley, Enrico Rukzio, Andreas Butz
A Taxonomy of Vulnerable Road Users for HCI Based On ASystematic Literature Review
Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '21). ACM, New York, NY, USA.s (bib)

Recent automotive research often focuses on automated driving,including the interaction between automated vehicles (AVs) and so-called 'vulnerable road users' (VRUs). While road safety statisticsand traffic psychology at least define VRUs as pedestrians, cyclists,and motorcyclists, many publications on human-vehicle interactionuse the term without even defining it. The actual target group remains unclear. Since each group already poses a broad spectrumof research challenges, a one-fits-all solution seems unrealistic and inappropriate, and a much clearer differentiation is required. To foster clarity and comprehensibility, we propose a literature-based taxonomy providing a structured separation of (vulnerable) roadusers, designed to particularly (but not exclusively) support researchon the communication between VRUs and AVs. It consists of two conceptual hierarchies and will help practitioners and researchersby providing a uniform and comparable set of terms needed for thedesign, implementation, and description of HCI applications.